{"id":2386,"date":"2013-10-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-10-10T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/?p=2386","title":{"rendered":"\u062f. \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\u062f. \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 <\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/a> 2005 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> SCPSS – <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> (ISPU) <\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 <\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0631\u062f . \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 – \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> (The Royal Institute of International Affairs) Chatham<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> U.S Institute of Peace– <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 2007-2008 .\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 “\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 2025 ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> UNDP <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 2005-2006. \u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a 2000-2002 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 ” \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 ” – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648 ” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 “- \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0648 ” \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 ” – \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0648 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> B.B.C –<\/span>\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 40 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0648 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 2006. \u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 2001\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 2001-2003 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> CMIESI <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 2008 <\/span>
\n.
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646–\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631 \u0646.\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0633\u062a <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> Human Rights First <\/span>\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 – \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> MESA – – <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> APSA – <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> IPSA – <\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> MEI – <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> ISA – <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>“<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 ” \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064aIslamic World Intuitive <\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> USIP – <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> Amnesty International – <\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> SSA- <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 ” \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 ” \u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f 2009 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 – \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 – \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646: \u062f\u064a \u0633\u064a 2009 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> :<\/span>
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> :<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 2000 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 2003 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c 2004 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c 2004 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a :\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 2005 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629:\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629:\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2005 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645– \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 2006 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 2007 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2007 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> ).<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0638\u0628\u064a: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> ).<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c 2009 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> ).<\/span>
\n–<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0642\u0645 220\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> – USIP <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646\u060c DC <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2009 – \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> :<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a:\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 –\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628-\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643)\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u061b\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 2000 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645:\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f(\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646)\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u061b\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 2003 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a”\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a”(\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643)\u060c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633:\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 2004 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643)\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 2005 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629:\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2006 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> ).<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2009 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> ).<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> :
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629)\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c 2004 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>: <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c 2006 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> ).<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> :
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631: \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2007 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c 2008 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a: “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646” (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642)\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629” (\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646)\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631” \u0648 “\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631” (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a)\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644” (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a)\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631”(\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a)\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f” (\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>)<\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>\u060c <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>“<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644” (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>)<\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>\u060c Daily star (Beirut) <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>\u060c Al-Ahram Hebdo (Cairo )<\/span>\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n\u062f. \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 <\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/a> 2005 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> SCPSS – <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> .<\/span>
\n– <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span> (ISPU) <\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/49"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2386"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2386\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dchrs.org\/ar\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}